COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ANXIOLYTICSOF THE BENZODIAZEPINE AND NON-BENZODIAZEPINE CLASSESINDANIO RERIO
ORIGINAL PAPERS
Abstract
Abstract.Introduction.Danio reriorepresents one of the most promising animal models for studying normal and pathological brain functions. Previously, the central effects of benzodiazepine anxiolytics have been demonstrated inDanio rerio. However, studies investigating the effects of non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics have not been sufficiently developed.Objective.Comparative evaluation of the effects of benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics inDanio rerio.Materials andmethods.A novel tank diving test (stress-induced novelty test) was employed. Fish were initially placed in a beaker containing a dissolved pharmacological substance (or water as control), and subsequently transferred to an observation aquarium for 6 minutes. Behavioral parameters such as trajectory, distance traveled, frequency of movements into the upper part of the aquarium, time spent in the lower part, and the frequency and duration of freezing episodes were automatically recorded. Benzodiazepine anxiolytics (diazepam, tofisopam) and the non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic hydroxyzine were used at two doses: 0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L.Results.In the novel tank test,Danio reriospent most of the time in the bottom region of the aquarium, showing limited movements with frequent freezing episodes. Both frequency and duration of freezing, as well as the time spent at the bottom of the aquarium, were significantly high throughout the test period, without notable temporal changes. Administration of anxiolytics produced a typical anxiolytic effect characterized by increased time spent in the upper region, reduced frequency and duration of freezing episodes, decreased time spent in the lower part of the tank, and increased number of movements into the upper aquarium region. However, the trajectory length after administration of benzodiazepine anxiolytics remained unchanged or decreased (tofizopam), whereas it increased after the administration of the non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic hydroxyzine. Furthermore, the swimming pattern differed significantly: non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics induced uniform swimming activity across all sectors of the aquarium compared to benzodiazepine anxiolytics.Conclusion.Administration of the tested anxiolytics inDanio rerioinduced typical anxiolytic effects. Nevertheless, significant differences in trajectory length and swimming patterns were observed between benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine anxiolytics. The novel tank diving test inDanio reriodemonstrates high selectivity and appears suitable for preclinical studies related to psychiatric and neurological disorders.
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