Papation in cardiovascular diseases

This publication continues a series of authorial lectures devoted to questions of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, primarily based on the material of cardiovascular, endocrine and bronchopulmonary diseases. Propaedeutics is widely interpreted by authors as an Introduction to Internal Medicine; therefore, these lectures also contain clinical pathophysiologic material. The lectures compare the achievements and traditions of Russian classical therapeutic school with the principles of Internal Medicine that have evolved in the practice of foreign medical education. The forth lecture is dedicated to methodology of physical touching examination and its data interpretation related to palpation in cardiovascular pathology (bibliography — 10 references).