Современные представления об анатомии добавочных ребер шейного отдела позвоночного столба: РЕДКИЕ ВОПРОСЫ БИОМЕДИЦИНЫ

Даниил Николаевич  Стрелков; Елена Юрьевна  Калинина; Екатерина Васильевна  Щербакова; Андрей Михайлович  Федюк; Андрей Андреевич  Севрук; Александра Дмитриевна  Крамаренко; Карина Игоревна  Лазарева; Анна Вадимовна  Коган; Любовь Михайловна  Стрелкова

doi:10.56871/RBR.2026.45.12.011

Contemporary concepts of the vertebral column additional cervical ribs anatomy

RARE QUESTIONS IN BIOMEDICINE

Daniil N. Strelkov Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1928-9753
Elena Yu. Kalinina Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7077-3584
Ekaterina V. Shcherbakova Central Pathological Department of General Pathology of the Leningrad Region Bureau of Forensic Medicine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-1535
Andrei M. Fedyuk Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2378-2813
Andrei A. Sevruk Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6949-3241
Aleksandra D. Kramarenko Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8351-9233
Karina I. Lazareva Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1655-8630
Anna V. Kogan Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5802-1922
Lyubov M. Strelkova City Polyclinic No. 81 https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0766-7440

Keywords:

additional cervical ribs thoracic outlet syndrome interscalene space добавочные шейные ребра синдром грудного выхода межлестничное пространство

Abstract

The additional ribs of the cervical spine, or cervical ribs, are a fairly rare developmental anomaly that occurs as a result of a mutation of theHOXgenes responsible for the formation of the bone system. This developmental feature is most often localized in the C7 region, however, there are also possible formation variants in which it can be found in the C4-C6 projection. Cervical ribs are classified according to their size and the presence of a fibrous junction with the first rib. Different authors disagree on which variant of formation prevails, one-sided or two-sided. It is also believed that the cervical ribs mainly develop on the left. This feature is more common in the female population. For the most part, the anomaly is asymptomatic. However, sometimes, in the presence of certain developmental features of the body, as well as a number of provoking factors, a condition called thoracic outlet syndrome may occur. This syndrome may differ clinically depending on the effect of the cervical ribs on nearby structures: the brachial plexus, subclavian artery and/or subclavian vein. The diagnosis is made on the basis of a physical examination, instrumental diagnostic data methods and certain provocative tests. Treatment can be both conservative and surgical if medication and physiotherapy are ineffective. Surgical treatment may include resection of the first rib and scalenotomy. This article presents a literary review of scientific papers using Pub Med and e Library resources and scientific journals over the past 5 years. The aim of the work is to summarize the available data on the prevalence, causes of formation and clinical symptoms caused by additional cervical ribs.

Author Biographies

Daniil N. Strelkov, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Assistant, Department of Human Anatomy

Elena Yu. Kalinina, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Can. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Human Anatomy

Ekaterina V. Shcherbakova, Central Pathological Department of General Pathology of the Leningrad Region Bureau of Forensic Medicine

Pathologist

Andrei M. Fedyuk, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Lecturer, Department of Human Anatomy

Andrei A. Sevruk, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Lecturer, Department of Human Anatomy

Aleksandra D. Kramarenko, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Assistant, Department of Human Anatomy

Karina I. Lazareva, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Assistant, Department of Human Anatomy

Anna V. Kogan, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University

student

Lyubov M. Strelkova, City Polyclinic No. 81

radiologist

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Contemporary concepts of the vertebral column additional cervical ribs anatomy: RARE QUESTIONS IN BIOMEDICINE. (2026). Russian Biomedical Research, 11(1), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.56871/RBR.2026.45.12.011

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Contemporary concepts of the vertebral column additional cervical ribs anatomy: RARE QUESTIONS IN BIOMEDICINE. (2026). Russian Biomedical Research, 11(1), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.56871/RBR.2026.45.12.011

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