The problem of obesity and overweight in Vietnam. Part 3. (Literature review of research in Vietnam)
ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
Abstract
The third and final review of the double burden of malnutrition in Vietnam systematizes the concepts of the prevalence, causes and methods of correction of overweight and obesity in light of its negative consequences for public health. The analysis of literary sources clearly demonstrates an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in school-age children and adolescents from 2–5% in 2007–2013 to 20–30% in 2002–2013 and 40–60% in 2024. In younger children and adults, this indicator did not differ throughout the observation period and corresponded to an average of 18% (from 6 to 35%) for children and 27% (from 11 to 70%) for adults. Women in Vietnam are at higher risk of developing overweight, the prevalence of which is 2–10% higher in them than in men. The prevalence of obesity in urban children and adults was 2.5–2.7 times higher than that in rural areas. The reasons for the increase in the prevalence of excess body weight and obesity are the traditional preferences of the Vietnamese for carbohydrate foods, incorrect ideas about obesity as a sign of health in men, the spread of fast food, freeze-dried products and sweets, especially among urban residents, combined with the refusal to exercise. Thus, it is obvious that the double burden of malnutrition, despite the measures taken by the Vietnamese government to protect public health, is still relevant for the country’s residents. This requires the development of priority programs to simultaneously combat malnutrition and obesity.
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